♥ - Health
In order to complete your quest you must ensure that your ship is not destroyed. Health is a clear indication of your ships current condition.
Your crafts shield, weapons and thrusters are all directly tied to the condition of your ship. What this means is, if your health is low your weapon damage and shield protection will also be lower, as will the speed at which you move.

₪ - Generator
This is the most important part of any spacecraft. Power generated is distributed amongst the ships thrusters, weapons and shields systems. Your ships maximum health is determined by the power output from the generator.

⌂ - Weapon
The weapon system is used to attack enemy ships. If your weapon becomes more powerful, the damage you deal to enemy crafts will also increase. Various weapon types provide additional diversity between you and your enemies.

◌ - Shield
The shield system is what provides protection to the ship. If you have a more powerful shield, you will take less damage.
There are also various types of shield, each providing additional protection against specific weapon types.

ῼ - Thrusters
The thrusters are used to move the ship. If your generator provides more power to  the thrusters you will be able to pass through areas quicker. Obviously, if your thrusters are using less power, it will take longer and in turn, more enemies may be encountered.